brains

• brainedness › not factor in Adjuster fusion, spirit ministry

40:5.12Se­ries two—mor­tals of the non-Ad­juster-fu­sion types. These are spe­cial­ized types of hu­man be­ings who are not able to ef­fect eter­nal union with their in­dwelling Ad­justers. Type clas­si­fi­ca­tion among the one-, two-, and three-brained races is not a fac­tor in Ad­juster fu­sion; all such mor­tals are akin, but these non-Ad­juster-fu­sion types are a wholly dif­fer­ent and markedly mod­i­fied or­der of will crea­tures. Many of the non­breathers be­long to this se­ries, and there are nu­mer­ous other groups who do not or­di­nar­ily fuse with Ad­justers.

• brainedness › not factor in Adjuster fusion, spirit ministry

40:5.14In the as­cen­dant plan for up­step­ping the an­i­mal-ori­gin crea­tures, these be­ings en­joy the same de­voted ser­vice of the Sons of God as is ex­tended to the Uran­tia type of mor­tals. Se­raphic co-op­er­a­tion with Ad­justers on the non­fu­sion plan­ets is just as fully pro­vided as on the worlds of fu­sion po­ten­tial; the guard­i­ans of des­tiny min­is­ter on such spheres just as on Uran­tia and sim­i­larly func­tion at the time of mor­tal sur­vival, at which time the sur­viv­ing soul be­comes Spirit fused.

• brainedness › differences eliminated on mansion worlds
• brainedness › not factor in Adjuster fusion, spirit ministry
• brainedness › senses sharper in 3-brained mortals
• brainedness › Urantians are 2-brained

40:5.17Se­ries three—mor­tals of Ad­juster-fu­sion po­ten­tial. All Fa­ther-fused mor­tals are of an­i­mal ori­gin, just like the Uran­tia races. They em­brace mor­tals of the one-brained, two-brained, and three-brained types of Ad­juster-fu­sion po­ten­tial. Uran­tians are of the in­ter­me­di­ate or two-brained type, be­ing in many ways hu­manly su­pe­rior to the one-brained groups but def­i­nitely lim­ited in com­par­i­son with the three-brained or­ders. These three types of phys­i­cal-brain en­dow­ment are not fac­tors in Ad­juster be­stowal, in se­raphic ser­vice, or in any other phase of spirit min­istry. The in­tel­lec­tual and spir­i­tual dif­fer­en­tial be­tween the three brain types char­ac­ter­izes in­di­vid­u­als who are oth­er­wise quite alike in mind en­dow­ment and spir­i­tual po­ten­tial, be­ing great­est in the tem­po­ral life and tend­ing to di­min­ish as the man­sion worlds are tra­versed one by one. From the sys­tem head­quar­ters on, the pro­gres­sion of these three types is the same, and their even­tual Par­a­dise des­tiny is iden­ti­cal.

• brainedness › senses sharper in 3-brained mortals

49:4.3The av­er­age spe­cial phys­i­cal-sense en­dow­ment of hu­man be­ings is twelve, though the spe­cial senses of the three-brained mor­tals are ex­tended slightly be­yond those of the one- and two-brained types; they can see and hear con­sid­er­ably more than the Uran­tia races.

• brainedness › 1-, 2-, and 3-brained mortals

49:5.132. Brain-type se­ries. The one phys­i­cal uni­for­mity of mor­tals is the brain and ner­vous sys­tem; nev­er­the­less, there are three ba­sic or­ga­ni­za­tions of the brain mech­a­nism: the one-, the two-, and the three-brained types. Uran­tians are of the two-brained type, some­what more imag­i­na­tive, ad­ven­tur­ous, and phil­o­soph­i­cal than the one-brained mor­tals but some­what less spir­i­tual, eth­i­cal, and wor­ship­ful than the three-brained or­ders. These brain dif­fer­ences char­ac­ter­ize even the pre­hu­man an­i­mal ex­is­tences.

49:5.14From the two-hemi­sphere type of the Uran­tian cere­bral cor­tex you can, by anal­ogy, grasp some­thing of the one-brained type. The third brain of the three-brained or­ders is best con­ceived as an evolve­ment of your lower or rudi­men­tary form of brain, which is de­vel­oped to the point where it func­tions chiefly in con­trol of phys­i­cal ac­tiv­i­ties, leav­ing the two su­pe­rior brains free for higher en­gage­ments: one for in­tel­lec­tual func­tions and the other for the spir­i­tual-coun­ter­part­ing ac­tiv­i­ties of the Thought Ad­juster.

49:5.15While the ter­res­trial at­tain­ments of the one-brained races are slightly lim­ited in com­par­i­son with the two-brained or­ders, the older plan­ets of the three-brained group ex­hibit civ­i­liza­tions that would as­tound Uran­tians, and which would some­what shame yours by com­par­i­son. In me­chan­i­cal de­vel­op­ment and ma­te­rial civ­i­liza­tion, even in in­tel­lec­tual prog­ress, the two-brained mor­tal worlds are able to equal the three-brained spheres. But in the higher con­trol of mind and de­vel­op­ment of in­tel­lec­tual and spir­i­tual re­cip­ro­ca­tion, you are some­what in­fe­rior.

49:5.16All such com­par­a­tive es­ti­mates con­cern­ing the in­tel­lec­tual prog­ress or the spir­i­tual at­tain­ments of any world or group of worlds should in fair­ness rec­og­nize plan­e­tary age; much, very much, de­pends on age, the help of the bi­o­logic up­lifters, and the sub­se­quent mis­sions of the var­i­ous or­ders of the di­vine Sons.

49:5.17While the three-brained peo­ples are ca­pa­ble of a slightly higher plan­e­tary evo­lu­tion than ei­ther the one- or two-brained or­ders, all have the same type of life plasm and carry on plan­e­tary ac­tiv­i­ties in very sim­i­lar ways, much as do hu­man be­ings on Uran­tia. These three types of mor­tals are dis­tributed through­out the worlds of the lo­cal sys­tems. In the ma­jor­ity of cases plan­e­tary con­di­tions had very lit­tle to do with the de­ci­sions of the Life Car­ri­ers to project these var­ied or­ders of mor­tals on the dif­fer­ent worlds; it is a pre­rog­a­tive of the Life Car­ri­ers thus to plan and ex­e­cute.

49:5.18These three or­ders stand on an equal foot­ing in the as­cen­sion ca­reer. Each must tra­verse the same in­tel­lec­tual scale of de­vel­op­ment, and each must mas­ter the same spir­i­tual tests of pro­gres­sion. The sys­tem ad­min­is­tra­tion and the con­stel­la­tion over­con­trol of these dif­fer­ent worlds are uni­formly free from dis­crim­i­na­tion; even the regimes of the Plan­e­tary Princes are iden­ti­cal.

• mind endowment wholly dependent on brain capacity

58:6.7The phys­i­o­logic equip­ment and the an­a­tomic struc­ture of all new or­ders of life are in re­sponse to the ac­tion of phys­i­cal law, but the sub­se­quent en­dow­ment of mind is a be­stowal of the ad­ju­tant mind-spir­its in ac­cor­dance with in­nate brain ca­pac­ity. Mind, while not a phys­i­cal evo­lu­tion, is wholly de­pen­dent on the brain ca­pac­ity af­forded by purely phys­i­cal and evo­lu­tion­ary de­vel­op­ments.

• dinosaurs, sea serpents, perished because b. insufficient for body size

60:1.10These rapidly evolv­ing rep­til­ian di­no­saurs soon be­came the monar­chs of this age. They were egg lay­ers and are dis­tin­guished from all an­i­mals by their small brains, hav­ing brains weigh­ing less than one pound to con­trol bod­ies later weigh­ing as much as forty tons. But ear­lier rep­tiles were smaller, car­niv­o­rous, and walked kan­ga­roo­like on their hind legs. They had hol­low avian bones and sub­se­quently de­vel­oped only three toes on their hind feet, and many of their fos­sil foot­prints have been mis­taken for those of gi­ant birds. Later on, the her­biv­o­rous di­no­saurs evolved. They walked on all fours, and one branch of this group de­vel­oped a pro­tec­tive ar­mor.

• dinosaurs, sea serpents, perished because b. insufficient for body size

60:2.11As time passed, the sea ser­pents grew to such size that they be­came very slug­gish and even­tu­ally per­ished be­cause they did not have brains large enough to af­ford pro­tec­tion for their im­mense bod­ies. Their brains weighed less than two ounces not­with­stand­ing the fact that these huge ichthyosaurs some­times grew to be fifty feet long, the ma­jor­ity be­ing over thirty-five feet in length. The ma­rine crocodil­ians were also a re­ver­sion from the land type of rep­tile, but un­like the sea ser­pents, these an­i­mals al­ways re­turned to the land to lay their eggs.

• dinosaurs, sea serpents, perished because b. insufficient for body size
• evolution followed growth of brain, not bulk

60:2.14One hun­dred mil­lion years ago the rep­til­ian age was draw­ing to a close. The di­no­saurs, for all their enor­mous mass, were all but brain­less an­i­mals, lack­ing the in­tel­li­gence to pro­vide suf­fi­cient food to nour­ish such enor­mous bod­ies. And so did these slug­gish land rep­tiles per­ish in ever-in­creas­ing num­bers. Hence­forth, evo­lu­tion will fol­low the growth of brains, not phys­i­cal bulk, and the de­vel­op­ment of brains will char­ac­ter­ize each suc­ceed­ing epoch of an­i­mal evo­lu­tion and plan­e­tary prog­ress.

• dinosaurs, sea serpents, perished because b. insufficient for body size

60:3.21The wad­ing and swim­ming pre­birds of ear­lier ages had not been a suc­cess in the air, nor had the fly­ing di­no­saurs. They were a short-lived species, soon be­com­ing ex­tinct. They, too, were sub­ject to the di­no­saur doom, de­struc­tion, be­cause of hav­ing too lit­tle brain sub­stance in com­par­i­son with body size. This sec­ond at­tempt to pro­duce an­i­mals that could nav­i­gate the at­mo­sphere failed, as did the abortive at­tempt to pro­duce mam­mals dur­ing this and a pre­ced­ing age.

• early mammals possessed large b. in comparison to body size

61:1.10The mam­mals of the early Ceno­zoic lived on land, un­der the wa­ter, in the air, and among the tree­tops. They had from one to eleven pairs of mam­mary glands, and all were cov­ered with con­sid­er­able hair. In com­mon with the later ap­pear­ing or­ders, they de­vel­oped two suc­ces­sive sets of teeth and pos­sessed large brains in com­par­i­son to body size. But among them all no mod­ern forms ex­isted.

• dinosaurs, sea serpents, perished because b. insufficient for body size

61:2.5On land this was pre-em­i­nently the age of mam­malian ren­o­va­tion and ex­pan­sion. Of the ear­lier and more prim­i­tive mam­mals, over one hun­dred species were ex­tinct be­fore this pe­riod ended. Even the mam­mals of large size and small brain soon per­ished. Brains and agility had re­placed ar­mor and size in the prog­ress of an­i­mal sur­vival. And with the di­no­saur fam­ily on the de­cline, the mam­mals slowly as­sumed dom­i­na­tion of the earth, speed­ily and com­pletely de­stroy­ing the re­main­der of their rep­til­ian an­ces­tors.

• early mammals possessed large b. in comparison to body size

61:6.1The great event of this glacial pe­riod was the evo­lu­tion of prim­i­tive man. Slightly to the west of In­dia, on land now un­der wa­ter and among the off­spring of Asi­atic mi­grants of the older North Amer­i­can lemur types, the dawn mam­mals sud­denly ap­peared. These small an­i­mals walked mostly on their hind legs, and they pos­sessed large brains in pro­por­tion to their size and in com­par­i­son with the brains of other an­i­mals. In the sev­en­ti­eth gen­er­a­tion of this or­der of life a new and higher group of an­i­mals sud­denly dif­fer­en­ti­ated. These new mid-mam­mals—al­most twice the size and height of their an­ces­tors and pos­sess­ing pro­por­tion­ately in­creased brain power—had only well es­tab­lished them­selves when the Pri­mates, the third vi­tal mu­ta­tion, sud­denly ap­peared. (At this same time, a ret­ro­grade de­vel­op­ment within the mid-mam­mal stock gave ori­gin to the simian an­ces­try; and from that day to this the hu­man branch has gone for­ward by pro­gres­sive evo­lu­tion, while the simian tribes have re­mained sta­tion­ary or have ac­tu­ally ret­ro­gressed.)

• dawn mammals had the largest b. for their size

62:2.3The mem­bers of this new species had the largest brains for their size of any an­i­mal that had thereto­fore ex­isted on earth. They ex­pe­ri­enced many of the emo­tions and shared nu­mer­ous in­stincts which later char­ac­ter­ized prim­i­tive man, be­ing highly cu­ri­ous and ex­hibit­ing con­sid­er­able ela­tion when suc­cess­ful at any un­der­tak­ing. Food hunger and sex crav­ing were well de­vel­oped, and a def­i­nite sex se­lec­tion was man­i­fested in a crude form of court­ship and choice of mates. They would fight fiercely in de­fense of their kin­dred and were quite ten­der in fam­ily as­so­ci­a­tions, pos­sess­ing a sense of self-abase­ment bor­der­ing on shame and re­morse. They were very af­fec­tion­ate and touch­ingly loyal to their mates, but if cir­cum­stances sep­a­rated them, they would choose new part­ners.

• mid-mammals had large

62:3.3Their brains were in­fe­rior to, and smaller than, those of hu­man be­ings but very su­pe­rior to, and com­par­a­tively much larger than, those of their an­ces­tors. The twins early dis­played su­pe­rior in­tel­li­gence and were soon rec­og­nized as the heads of the whole tribe of dawn mam­mals, re­ally in­sti­tut­ing a prim­i­tive form of so­cial or­ga­ni­za­tion and a crude eco­nomic di­vi­sion of la­bor. This brother and sis­ter mated and soon en­joyed the so­ci­ety of twenty-one chil­dren much like them­selves, all more than four feet tall and in ev­ery way su­pe­rior to the an­ces­tral species. This new group formed the nu­cleus of the mid-mam­mals.

• Primates’ increased use of hands helped develop

62:4.4The Pri­mates were more hu­man and less an­i­mal than their mid-mam­mal pre­de­ces­sors. The skele­tal pro­por­tions of this new species were very sim­i­lar to those of the prim­i­tive hu­man races. The hu­man type of hand and foot had fully de­vel­oped, and these crea­tures could walk and even run as well as any of their later-day hu­man de­scen­dants. They largely aban­doned tree life, though con­tin­u­ing to re­sort to the tree­tops as a safety mea­sure at night, for like their ear­lier an­ces­tors, they were greatly sub­ject to fear. The in­creased use of their hands did much to de­velop in­her­ent brain power, but they did not yet pos­sess minds that could re­ally be called hu­man.

• material mechanism for intelligent response to internal and external stimuli

65:0.1Ba­sic evo­lu­tion­ary ma­te­rial life—pre­mind life—is the for­mu­la­tion of the Mas­ter Phys­i­cal Con­trol­lers and the life-im­par­ta­tion min­istry of the Seven Mas­ter Spir­its in con­junc­tion with the ac­tive min­is­tra­tion of the or­dained Life Car­ri­ers. As a re­sult of the co-or­di­nate func­tion of this three­fold cre­ativ­ity there de­vel­ops or­gan­is­mal phys­i­cal ca­pac­ity for mind—ma­te­rial mech­a­nisms for in­tel­li­gent re­ac­tion to ex­ter­nal en­vi­ron­men­tal stim­uli and, later on, to in­ter­nal stim­uli, in­flu­ences tak­ing ori­gin in the or­gan­is­mal mind it­self.

• material mechanism for intelligent response to internal and external stimuli

65:6.10The phys­i­cal brain with its as­so­ci­ated ner­vous sys­tem pos­sesses in­nate ca­pac­ity for re­sponse to mind min­istry just as the de­vel­op­ing mind of a per­son­al­ity pos­sesses a cer­tain in­nate ca­pac­ity for spirit re­cep­tiv­ity and there­fore con­tains the po­ten­tials of spir­i­tual prog­ress and at­tain­ment. In­tel­lec­tual, so­cial, moral, and spir­i­tual evo­lu­tion are de­pen­dent on the mind min­istry of the seven ad­ju­tant spir­its and their super­phys­i­cal as­so­ciates.

• brainedness › 1-, 2-, and 3-brained mortals
• brainedness › Adjusters gain better contact with 3-brained mortals

109:3.5In the three-brained mor­tals of this se­ries of worlds, the Ad­justers are able to gain far more ac­tual con­tact with their sub­jects dur­ing the tem­po­ral life than in the one- and two-brained types. But in the ca­reer af­ter death, the three-brained type pro­ceed just as do the one-brained type and the two-brained peo­ples—the Uran­tia races.

109:3.6On the two-brain worlds, sub­se­quent to the so­journ of a Par­a­dise be­stowal Son, vir­gin Ad­justers are sel­dom as­signed to per­sons who have un­ques­tioned ca­pac­ity for sur­vival. It is our be­lief that on such worlds prac­ti­cally all Ad­justers in­dwelling in­tel­li­gent men and women of sur­vival ca­pac­ity be­long to the ad­vanced or to the su­preme type.

• Adjusters › not organic part of human brain

110:1.1Ad­justers should not be thought of as liv­ing in the ma­te­rial brains of hu­man be­ings. They are not or­ganic parts of the phys­i­cal crea­tures of the realms. The Thought Ad­juster may more prop­erly be en­vis­aged as in­dwelling the mor­tal mind of man rather than as ex­ist­ing within the con­fines of a sin­gle phys­i­cal or­gan. And in­di­rectly and un­rec­og­nized the Ad­juster is con­stantly com­mu­ni­cat­ing with the hu­man sub­ject, es­pe­cially dur­ing those sub­lime ex­pe­ri­ences of the wor­ship­ful con­tact of mind with spirit in the super­con­scious­ness.

• Adjusters › released if human brain irreparably destroyed

112:3.32. In­tel­lec­tual (mind) death. When the vi­tal cir­cuits of higher ad­ju­tant min­istry are dis­rupted through the aber­ra­tions of in­tel­lect or be­cause of the par­tial de­struc­tion of the mech­a­nism of the brain, and if these con­di­tions pass a cer­tain crit­i­cal point of ir­repara­bil­ity, the in­dwelling Ad­juster is im­me­di­ately re­leased to de­part for Di­vin­ing­ton. On the uni­verse rec­ords a mor­tal per­son­al­ity is con­sid­ered to have met with death when­ever the es­sen­tial mind cir­cuits of hu­man will-ac­tion have been de­stroyed. And again, this is death, ir­re­spec­tive of the con­tin­u­ing func­tion of the liv­ing mech­a­nism of the phys­i­cal body. The body mi­nus the vo­li­tional mind is no longer hu­man, but ac­cord­ing to the prior choos­ing of the hu­man will, the soul of such an in­di­vid­ual may sur­vive.

• patterns for mind endowment

112:5.14At death the func­tional iden­tity as­so­ci­ated with the hu­man per­son­al­ity is dis­rupted through the ces­sa­tion of vi­tal mo­tion. Hu­man per­son­al­ity, while tran­scend­ing its con­stituent parts, is de­pen­dent on them for func­tional iden­tity. The stop­page of life de­stroys the phys­i­cal brain pat­terns for mind en­dow­ment, and the dis­rup­tion of mind ter­mi­nates mor­tal con­scious­ness. The con­scious­ness of that crea­ture can­not sub­se­quently reap­pear un­til a cos­mic sit­u­a­tion has been ar­ranged which will per­mit the same hu­man per­son­al­ity again to func­tion in re­la­tion­ship with liv­ing en­ergy.